Social network sites are a new communication channel to convey CSR information. They are interactive channels that let users participate, spread content and generate positive and negative electronic word-of-mouth about companies that can dramatically affect their reputation and future business. To identify the factors behind this behaviour, we designed a causal model to explain the intention to both comment on and share a negative corporate social responsibility news posted on Facebook. We included the following as explanatory variables: social consciousness, environmental (...) consciousness, information usefulness, corporate image and attitude towards sharing and commenting on CSR news. We surveyed 208 Facebook users who evaluated a fictitious news item about an environmental issue. We observed that social and environmental consciousness influences the usefulness of information and the attitude towards behaviour, which may explain the eWOM intention of the specific news. However, corporate image can cause people to refrain from generating eWOM and spreading the news on their friend social network. (shrink)

The study of corporate social responsibility has been the object of much research in recent decades, although there is a need to continue investigating its benefits as a marketing tool. In the current work we adopt a multi-dimensional perspective of social responsibility, and we carry out market research to determine the perceptions of users of mobile telephone services about economic, legal, ethical and social aspects of their operating companies. With these data we determine the structure and components of the concept (...) of social responsibility. Subsequently, this is related with the overall evaluation of the service and loyalty by means of a model of structural equations, in order to determine the influence of corporate social responsibility on these concepts, and hence its benefits as a commercial tool. (shrink)

The concept of corporate social responsibility is becoming integral to effective corporate brand management. This study adopts a multidimensional and cross-country perspective of the concept and analyses consumer perceptions of behaviour of four leading consumer products manufacturers. Data was collected from consumers in two countries – Spain and the UK. The study analyses consumers’ degree of interest in corporate responsibility and its impact on their perception about the company. The findings here suggest a weak impact of company-specific communication on consumers’ (...) perception. The implications of this study are relevant to companies for strengthening their social responsibility associations with the consumers. (shrink)

This article explores the maternal experiences of a heterogeneous group of 26 mothers from Granada. The aim is to analyse the needs and demands that these women express with regard to childrearing, using a qualitative methodology. The authors conducted in-depth interviews and analysed the discourses of the mothers following the hermeneutical method. The variables used for sample selection and the themes that emerged during the interviews revealed that the discourses of the mothers revolve around three dimensions: indifference, demands and resignation (...) regarding support for childrearing. The lack of paternal involvement in childrearing appears as a transversal dimension. This article shows that the material conditions of existence marked the differences in the responses of the women regarding support for childrearing, while the sexual division of labour and gender inequalities unified their discourses. (shrink)

En este artículo se revisan los conceptos de género y sexo, su papel como determinantes de la salud, y su relación con la desigualdad. Se analizan los diferentes modelos explicativos que se proponen en la bibliografía para comprender las relaciones entre género y situación de salud y cómo recientemente se ha evolucionado desde el campo de la salud de las mujeres hacia el enfoque de género en salud. Por último se presentan las aplicaciones del análiis de género en salud y (...) su utilidad en la planificación y evaluación de los sistemas de atención sanitaria. (shrink)

The concept of corporate social responsibility is becoming integral to effective corporate brand management. This study adopts a multidimensional and cross-country perspective of the concept and analyses consumer perceptions of behaviour of four leading consumer products manufacturers. Data was collected from consumers in two countries – Spain and the UK. The study analyses consumers’ degree of interest in corporate responsibility and its impact on their perception about the company. The findings here suggest a weak impact of company-specific communication on consumers’ (...) perception. The implications of this study are relevant to companies for strengthening their social responsibility associations with the consumers. (shrink)

The authors describe the intensity and orientation of the corporate social responsibility reporting in four Spanish industries and explore the relationship that exists between both concepts and an independent measurement of reputation for CSR. The results demonstrate that the CSR reporting is especially relevant and useful in the finance industry. Finance companies report significantly more CSR information than most industries in Spain, and this reporting is more closely linked to their CSRR than the CSR reporting of basic, consumer goods and (...) services industries. (shrink)

Business Ethics: A European Review, EarlyView.

El propósito de esta investigación es caracterizar la inversión española en Ecuador, y analizar las percepciones sobre ésta de las empresas ibéricas que desarrollan su actividad en esta república Latinoamericana. Esta información es de especial relevancia para las instituciones gubernamentales, y para los potenciales inversores. Para realizar el trabajo se utilizó una metodología cualitativa con una perspectiva socioeconómica de tipo exploratoria de bola de nieve. Los resultados muestran como principal conclusión que los diez años del gobierno del presidente Rafael Correa (...) han sido positivos para la inversión en términos generales debido a la continuidad del gobierno que influyó en una mayor estabilidad política y social, que dio lugar a un periodo de crecimiento económico por encima de muchos países desarrollados. En relación a las multinacionales españolas, también fue favorable, por su participación en grandes proyectos de obra civil que supusieron importantes ingresos en una época de recesión económica y reducida inversión en España. (shrink)

Assessing physical fitness has emerged as a proxy of the health status of children and adolescents and therefore as relevant from a public health point of view. DAFIS is a project included in Plan Galicia Saudable of the regional government of Galicia. DAFIS consists of an on-line software devoted to record the results of a standard physical fitness protocol carried out as a part of the physical education curriculum. The aims of this study were: to obtain normative values of physical (...) fitness of the Galician school population evaluated in the DAFIS project, and to identify a reduced number of components and tests able to capture a significant amount of the variability in the physical fitness of children and adolescents. From an initial sample of 27784 records, 15287 cases were considered after filtering. Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape were used for obtaining percentile curves and tables for each sex. Furthermore, a principal components analysis was performed, selecting the number of components by applying the Kaiser’s rule and selecting a subset of variables considering the correlation between each variable and the components. Percentile curves and normative values are reported for each test and sex. Physical fitness was better in boys than in girls throughout age groups, except for flexibility that was consistently higher in girls. Two main components were detected throughout age groups: the first one representing body composition and partially cardiorespiratory fitness and the second one muscular fitness. For boys and girls, waist to height ratio had the highest correlations with the first component in four out of six age groups. The highest correlation with the second component, was most frequently observed for the handgrip test both in boys and girls. This study provides evidence about the utility of school community actions like DAFIS aimed to track the health-related fitness of children and adolescents. The results suggest that fat mass distribution and muscular performance concentrate a high proportion physical fitness variance. (shrink)

El estudio de las presas y embalses históricos es un campo desigualmente abordado desde la historiografía, la arqueología, la arquitectura o la ingeniería civil. En la península ibérica su estudio ha estado centrado en obras de grandes dimensiones que, en general son romanas, renacentistas o posteriores. Sin embargo, pocas veces se consideran las infraestructuras andalusíes, sus formas de implantación, cómo fue la transmisión del conocimiento de su tecnología o el ámbito social y cultural en el que se desarrollaron. Suelen ser (...) vestigios que se encuentran aislados y dispersos en el ámbito rural con el que dibujan un paisaje único. Esta circunstancia dificulta su documentación e impide el estudio a fondo de estas obras como condición, previa e imprescindible, para su conocimiento. La contribución de este trabajo es el resultado de una investigación realizada sobre el paisaje generado por uno de los pocos ejemplos de presa de contención conocidos en al-Andalus de los que aún se conservan restos. Se trata de una barrera fluvial levantada, a mediados del siglo XII, en la cuenca del río Trujala en el municipio de Segura de la Sierra (Jaén); un dique que transformó un campo en un pequeño mar o albuhera. (shrink)

This paper examines undergraduate business students' perception of corporate social responsibility in cases in which they have not attended any specific course either dealing with CSR or providing training in ethics. A survey was conducted of 535 Spanish business students as future managers. The results show that the stakeholders' perspective deserves a huge attention for those students considering what the keys of business success are. Significant differences in perception were nevertheless identified when a multifactorial analysis was undertaken. Female students are (...) more concerned about CSR issues. The maximization of value for shareholders is less valued by second- and third-year students than by first-year ones. The findings point to a number of important orientations for the future development of university curriculum. (shrink)

El encargo que recibe la escuela de gestionar las emociones para producir indicadores, mejorar la convivencia o desarrollar las competencias, es solo una de las aristas que tiene la educación escolarizada. En este artículo, y a partir de las vivencias en algunas instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Medellín, se busca indicar otra ruta posible para las emociones en la escuela; aquella que está referida no a su gestión, sino a la comprensión de su componente cognitivo para, por la vía (...) de la formación, contribuir a la transformación creativa de sí. * Este artículo recoge algunas reflexiones del proyecto de investigación Educación global/pedagogía planetaria y espacio social. Una relación colaborativa entre Suiza y Colombia, que desarrollamos en convenio con la Universidad Pedagógica de Berna, con un equipo binacional. En Berna: Angela Stienen y Katryn Oester; en Colombia: Jesús Alberto Echeverri, Juan Camilo Estrada, Juan Carlos Vásquez García. (shrink)

A partir de una reflexión crítica de la sostenibilidad, en que identificamos que su dicurso ha estado regido por los supuestos del bien común del neoliberalismo progresivo, proponemos alternativas de interpretación ética y epistemológica de este concepto; es decir, lo trasladamos hacia un campo de reflexión y acción regido por una noción alternativa de bien común. Para ello, hacemos uso de tres elementos: ampliar la experiencia cooperativa humana, descrita por Graeber (2011), la tradición del pensamiento neotomista de MacIntyre y el (...) sujeto social marxista de Lukács. El resultado es otro concepto de bien común, rico en elementos y determinaciones, para idear un esquema productivo y social más justo y solidario, con instituciones apropiadas para desarrollar y alcanzar la sustentabilidad. ¿En qué comunidades humanas puede ser esto posible? En comunidades maduras, cuerpos sociales capaces de vislumbrar bienes superiores, subsumir y supeditar coherentemente otros bienes y ordenarlos jerárquica y teleológicamente para garantizar su producción. Ejemplificamos cómo la universidad pública y la Iglesia católica, colectivos humanos orientados al bien común trascendente, pueden construir una propuesta alternativa anclada en una base de cooperación entre las comunidades. (shrink)

Se trata de una reflexión interdisciplinar, a partir de W. Benjamin, sobre las relaciones entre experiencia, tiempo y memoria histórica. La primera parte analiza el empobrecimiento moderno de la "erfahrung" que genera una "nueva barbarie", a la vez que experimentación innovadora, y que reclama un concepto más rico de experiencia, ligada a la totalidad concreta de la existencia. La segunda señala algunas paradojas de la memoria, muestra la inconsistencia del tiempo, cristalizado en el mito de "cronos", como principio ordenador, (...) y toma en consideración experiencias relevantes que requieren concebir otro tiempo. En esa dirección, la tercera parte desarrolla la idea de "jetztzeit", núcleo de la concepción crítica de la historia como tradición de los oprimidos, en cuyos instantes de peligro relampaguea el "angelus novus. (shrink)

This paper considers the similarities between Adam Smith's device of the impartial spectator and the use of perspectival devices in common law reasoning. The paper adopts a reading of Smith's device as one involving the exercise of imaginative sympathy by an ordinarily virtuous, and culturally and historically situated, spectator who does not have a stake in the outcome of the scene being evaluated. The point here is to show that the impartial spectator is 1) a device of common, ordinary virtue (...) – both in the sense of being located in a culture at a specific point in time, and in the sense of possessing only moderate, achievable virtues ; and 2) a device that enables a focus on a situation, which requires imaginative work, emotional engagement and careful, particularised description. Having so modelled Smith's device, the paper shows the similarities between it and the use of perspectival devices in common law reasoning, specifically here via the ‘right-thinking member of society' test in defamation law. (shrink)

This collection of original essays brings together leading legal historians and theorists to explore the oft-neglected but important relationship between these two disciplines. Legal historians have often been sceptical of theory. The methodology which informs their own work is often said to be an empirical one, of gathering information from the archives and presenting it in a narrative form. The narrative produced by history is often said to be provisional, insofar as further research in the archives might falsify present understandings (...) and demand revisions. On the other side, legal theorists are often dismissive of historical works. History itself seems to many theorists not to offer any jurisprudential insights of use for their projects: at best, history is a repository of data and examples, which may be drawn on by the theorist for her own purposes. The aim of this collection is to invite participants from both sides to ask what lessons legal history can bring to legal theory, and what legal theory can bring to history. What is the theorist to do with the empirical data generated by archival research? What theories should drive the historical enterprise, and what wider lessons can be learned from it? This collection brings together a number of major theorists and legal historians to debate these ideas. (shrink)

The papers selected for this volume offer a panorama of problems and methods at the intersection of legal theory and the humanities. The issues addressed include the role of the emotions and the imagination in legal reasoning, and the protection of the diversity of voices and perspective in the name of community. The articles balance renewed calls to humanise legal theory with those that analyse and explore the relevance of specific domains of the humanities - such as literature, architecture, music, (...) painting, drawing and film - for law. (shrink)

This collection brings together the most important and influential papers theorising the changing relationship between law and science. The articles span historical overviews of the attempts by legal scholars to model legal science on scientific methodology, and the efforts by legal philosophers scrutinising the claims made on behalf of genetics and neuroscience as to their implications for law and legal concepts. The volume strikes a balance between those that seek to protect law's autonomy against the perceived unwelcome inroads of science, (...) and those that seek to shape and change law by incorporating the latest scientific developments. (shrink)

This paper offers an example of what may be called ‘an aesthetic history of legal and political thought’. Such a task engages in theorising historically the features of aesthetic traditions that enable and further normative inquiry, i.e. an exploration of the norms and values that might contribute to the good life and the common good. The three features offered in this paper as useful to identifying such aesthetic traditions are communality and interactivity, experimentalism, and exemplarity. The paper shows how each (...) of these features is present, in particular ways, in one specific aesthetic tradition, namely the declamatory tradition. Tracing the declamatory tradition back to Ancient Rome, and examining its influence in the English Renaissance, especially in Sir Thomas More’s response to Lucian’s declamatory thema, Tyrannicide, the paper argues that the particular ways in which declamatory practice combines the above three features enables those engaged in it to pursue normative inquiry. The paper argues that the integration of these three features is especially visible in one aspect of declamatory practice, namely the introduction and exchange of colores, i.e. changes in the narrative, introduced by declaimers and their audiences, which shed light on the possible motivation of a character, and thereby also invited shifts in affective allegiance and evaluative perspective. The paper argues that it is in large part through such introduction and exchange of colores that the declamatory tradition enables and furthers normative inquiry, and thus also offers a good reason for including the declamatory tradition in ‘an aesthetic history of legal and political thought’. (shrink)

This essay argues that the practical reason approach to the study of social conventions (and social normativity more generally) fails to adequately account for the fluency of social action in environments that we experience as familiar. The practical reason approach, articulated most recently in Andrei Marmor’s Social Conventions: From Language to Law (2009) does help us, though not wholly adequately, to understand how we tend to react to, and experience, unfamiliar situations or unfamiliar behaviors, that is, those situations in which (...) a certain practice becomes problematic or is problematized, or where we are obliged to, or moved to, justify or deliberate. The reason why the practical reason approach is not wholly adequate when it comes to understanding unfamiliar situations or unfamiliar behaviors is that it tends to subsume the unfamiliar under the familiar, that is, it tends to negatively evaluate anything that is deemed to be not in accordance with the rules and reasons already familiar to the observer. This excludes the possibility of the observer having to transform himself or herself, and thus change what is familiar to him or her. (shrink)

What is the value of fictions, metaphors, figures and scenarios in adjudication? This book develops three models to help answer that question: inquiry, artefacts and imagination. -/- Legal language, it is argued, contains artefacts – forms that signal their own artifice and call upon us to do things with them. To imagine, in turn, is to enter a distinctive epistemic frame where we temporarily suspend certain epistemic norms and commitments and participate actively along a spectrum of affective, sensory and kinesic (...) involvement. -/- The book argues that artefacts and related processes of imagination are valuable insofar as they enable inquiry in adjudication, ie the social (interactive and collective) process of making insight into what values, vulnerabilities and interests might be at stake in a case and in similar cases in the future. -/- Artefacts of Legal Inquiry is structured in two parts, with the first offering an account of the three models of inquiry, artefacts and imagination, and the second examining four case studies (fictions, metaphors, figures and scenarios). -/- Drawing on a broad range of theoretical traditions – including philosophy of imagination and emotion, the theory and history of rhetoric, and the cognitive humanities – this book offers an interdisciplinary defence of the importance of artefactual language and imagination in adjudication. (shrink)

This research is part of a more extensive programme that deals with intercultural ethics from different perspectives. All of them share a common inspiration sprung from UNESCO’s Intercultural Ethics Project. The main goal of this paper consists in offering pragmatic/theoretical tools in order to analyse a cultural and political issue which is currently very important in Spain: the confrontation between those promoting Spanish national culture and those promoting the Basque one. I approach this confrontation in terms of discursive praxis, reaching (...) the conclusion that only if both groups are capable of self-understanding will they be capable of reciprocal-understanding, and only then will it be possible to maintain peace in our country. (shrink)

Review Essay of Stephen P. Turner, Explaining the Normative, 2010.

This book provides a collection of 11 cutting-edge essays by leading young scholars, challenging long-held assumptions and offering new research paradigms in Philosophy of Law, in five parts: 1) methodology/metatheory; 2) reasoning/evaluating; 3) values/the moral life; 4) institutions/the social life; and 5) the global/international dimension.

This research is part of a more extensive programme that deals with intercultural ethics from different perspectives. All of them share a common inspiration sprung from UNESCO’s Intercultural Ethics Project. The main goal of this paper consists in offering pragmatic/theoretical tools in order to analyse a cultural and political issue which is currently very important in Spain: the confrontation between those promoting Spanish national culture and those promoting the Basque one. I approach this confrontation in terms of discursive praxis, reaching (...) the conclusion that only if both groups are capable of self-understanding will they be capable of reciprocal-understanding, and only then will it be possible to maintain peace in our country. (shrink)

This paper argues that not only does history matter to legal epistemology, but also that understanding legal epistemology can yield a certain understanding of the past. The paper focuses on the common law practice of precedent and argues that there is no set of rules, principles, reasons or material facts that constitute the fixed or foundational content of past decisions, but rather that what is taken by a judge resolving a particular dispute to be the content of past decisions depends (...) on the active and creative construal of relevance engaged in by that judge. Precedents are better thought of as `thick resources with dynamic content'. Such content is constrained by a variety of stabilising practices, but never so constrained as to determine how it can be construed to be relevant. This image of law's past may offer a general view of the past as something with which we can actively and creatively relate in the course of coping with the present. (shrink)

Stripping the Virgin Mary of the myths, stories, and dogmas surrounding her is a task that has particularly appealed to a branch of feminist theology which seeks to reclaim her as a figure of female empowerment. This article aims to explore the transformation of Mary’s body into an element of resistance in the work of some contemporary artists. By depicting her nude or semi-nude, artists disrupt the gender values commonly associated with the Virgin and open up alternative possibilities of affirmative (...) selfhood through her body. I contend that, in these works, the Virgin’s body functions as a ‘relational’ body that enters into dialogue with hitherto marginalized categories, such as the carnal, the sensual, the notion of fleshly materiality, or even the excluded sexualities of transgender people. (shrink)

Heidegger, en su obra de 1925, Prolegómenos Para Una Historia del Concepto de Tiempo, realiza una revisión de la propuesta fenomenológica frente a la tradición filosófica, rescatando los descubrimientos de esta investigación: la intencionalidad, la intuición categorial, y el sentido originario de lo «a priori», así como la importancia del trabajo de Husserl para el desarrollo de la investigación filosófica. El concepto de intuición categorial toma para Heidegger relevancia, y lo caracteriza dentro de su investigación. Lo que aquí pretendo hacer (...) es presentar una interpretación de esta noción a partir de la idea de mundo como dimensión de la constitución de la aparición del ente. Como el mundo se presenta como un tema fundamental para la caracterización de la fenomenología Heideggeriana, intento esbozar una manera de aprehensión del mundo dentro de la ontología fundamental, por medio de la estructura del encontrarse, en alemán Befindlichkeit. Esto anterior, me permitirá analizar la particularidad de la fenomenología de Heidegger y, a la vez, mostrar las aproximaciones conceptuales entre Heidegger y Husserl, por medio de la revisión de dos conceptos: reflexión y epojé, pero siempre en relación al mundo. (shrink)

Socially responsible investment has grown enormously and has expanded globally in recent years. It allows SRI investors to reduce their portfolio risk assumptions through international diversification. In this context, the aim of this paper is twofold to examine price and volatility linkages among the most representative SRI indexes for North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific employing a multivariate approach and to provide the out-of-sample performance of an optimal portfolio constructed on the basis of time-varying return and volatility forecasts from this specification (...) approach. Our overall results show that using this technique, it is possible to reduce risk and out-perform the naïve rule, which is usually employed in this type of investment. These findings are relevant not only for academics but also for practitioners, especially for professional managers of SRI portfolios. (shrink)

La comprensión lectora de las personas con discapacidad es una cuestión escasamente estudiada y a día de hoy esta línea de investigación no ha profundizado en la comprensión específica de textos especializados. Consecuentemente, a pesar de existir ciertos procedimientos para facilitar la comprensión, como la lectura fácil, no se han analizado las dificultades que presentan determinados textos para las personas con dificultad intelectual. Ejemplo de ello son los textos sobre Historia. En el presente artículo pretende detectar los principales problemas de (...) comprensión que rodean a estos textos y formulas posibles soluciones para facilitar su comprensión. (shrink)

Resumen El presente artículo plantea la necesidad de un acercamiento histórico a los textos filosóficos tomando como ejemplo el caso de la propuesta ética de David Hume. Se muestra el interés de Hume por insertarse en el diálogo intelectual de su época y su propósito de integrar el método científico en las ciencias morales y cómo la crítica que hace a la razón debe ser comprendida bajo esta luz. Para ello se menciona el ambiente intelectual de la época y las (...) posturas en conflicto en el debate filosófico del siglo XVIII: el escepticismo-relativista, el racionalismo exagerado y el sentimentalismo ingenuo, señalando que, en el fondo, Hume no puede ser excluido totalmente de ninguna de estas posturas pero tampoco encasillado en alguna de ellas.This article raises the need of a historical approach to philosophical texts taking as an example the case of David Hume’s ethics proposal. It shows Hume`s interest in participating actively in the intellectual dialogue of his time and his intention to integrate the scientific method into the moral sciences and how his critique of reason must be understood in this light. To do this, we quickly mention the intellectual atmosphere of the time and the positions in conflict in the philosophical debate of the 18th Century: relativistic skepticism, radical rationalism and naive sentimentality, noting that, deep down, Hume cannot be excluded completely from any of these positions but not typecast in any of them. (shrink)

Este estudio responde a características de programas grupales de educación parental que incluye, relación con la prevención/atención al abandono escolar temprano, enfoques y relación con la Parentalidad Positiva y grado de evidencias. Siguiendo el protocolo PRISMA 2020, se buscó en bases de datos y se aplicaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión detectando escasez de programas para promover la continuidad escolar y adolescencia; la necesidad de consolidarlos desde la Parentalidad Positiva y de implantar estándares de evaluación de evidencias (12 artículos). En (...) conclusión, informa para diseñar, implementar y evaluar estos programas de Parentalidad Positiva que promocionen competencias parentales y continuidad escolar. (shrink)